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The evolution of painting supports is an important part of the development history of oil painting, and the replacement of different supports directly promotes the innovation of oil painting techniques and styles. In the early stage of oil painting development in the 15th century, almost all works were created on solid wooden panels. Artists usually selected high-quality oak and poplar boards, polished them smooth, and coated multiple layers of gypsum primer to make a flat painting base. Wooden panels have the advantages of firm texture and strong deformation resistance, which are very suitable for the fine and delicate painting style of early Northern Renaissance oil paintings. However, wooden panels also have obvious defects: they are heavy and inconvenient to carry, prone to mildew and cracking in humid environments, and the size of works is limited by the board material. In the 16th century, European artists began to try to use linen canvas as a new support. Canvas is light in weight, easy to carry and store, and can be made into super-large painting surfaces, which meets the creation needs of large-scale religious murals and landscape paintings in the Renaissance. After continuous improvement, artists began to coat canvas with professional oil primer to enhance the adhesion of paint and prevent oil penetration. Since then, canvas has gradually replaced wooden panels and become the most mainstream support for oil painting. In modern times, with the development of art materials, new supports such as cardboard, metal plates and synthetic fiber canvas have appeared, further enriching the creation forms of oil painting and adapting to the diverse creative concepts of modern artists.

Oil painting art has extremely important educational value in aesthetic education, emotional education and spiritual education, and is an important part of modern art education system. In terms of aesthetic education, learning and appreciating oil painting can cultivate people’s color perception, spatial imagination, aesthetic judgment and artistic appreciation ability, improve personal aesthetic quality and artistic accomplishment, and cultivate elegant aesthetic taste. In terms of emotional education, oil painting creation and appreciation can relieve psychological pressure, regulate inner emotions, cultivate patience, concentration and perseverance. The slow creation process of oil painting enables people to calm down, focus on creation, and cultivate a rigorous and persistent attitude towards life. In terms of spiritual education, excellent oil painting works carry positive spiritual values, noble moral sentiments and profound humanistic thoughts. Appreciating classic oil paintings can make people feel the beauty of humanity, nature and life, cultivate humanistic feelings and spiritual pursuit, and improve personal spiritual realm. In addition, oil painting creation can stimulate people’s creative thinking and innovative ability, cultivate divergent thinking and personalized expression ability. The educational value of oil painting art is implicit and long-term, which can imperceptibly shape people’s aesthetic temperament and spiritual quality.

Canvas is the most mainstream and classic carrier of oil painting, and its popularization has greatly promoted the development and popularization of oil painting art. In the early days of oil painting development, painters mostly used wood boards as the carrier. Wooden boards were heavy, easy to deform and crack, and limited the size and preservation of works. In the 16th century, European artists began to widely use linen canvas instead of wood boards. Linen canvas has tough texture, good flexibility, strong tensile resistance, and is not easy to deform. It can adapt to various sizes of paintings, from small exquisite sketches to large-scale monumental works. Before creation, the canvas needs to be carefully primed with gypsum and glue to fill the fiber gaps, prevent oil penetration, and ensure the flatness of the painting surface. The textured fiber of the canvas itself can form a unique grain texture with the oil pigments, increasing the three-dimensional sense and artistic texture of the work. Different densities and textures of canvas will bring different artistic effects: fine canvas is suitable for realistic fine depiction, while coarse canvas is more suitable for free and unrestrained impressionist and abstract creation. After centuries of development, canvas has become an indispensable part of oil painting art. It carries the artist’s creativity, bears the precipitation of time, and forms an indissoluble artistic bond with oil pigments.

Contemporary life oil painting is based on contemporary social life, takes daily aesthetics and humanistic care as the core, and forms a diversified creative pattern that integrates real recording, emotional expression and social reflection. Contemporary life oil painting breaks the limitations of traditional and modern life painting themes, covering all aspects of contemporary people’s life, including urban trivial life, rural new life, grassroots labor scenes, youth life states and other diverse life themes.

At the same time, contemporary life oil painting also has the function of social reflection and era recording. Many works faithfully record the changes of contemporary social life, the improvement of people’s living standards and the transformation of life concepts, and reflect the development and progress of the times from the perspective of individual life. In terms of artistic innovation, contemporary life oil painting integrates multiple artistic styles and cross-border elements, with diverse expression languages and rich connotations, making life art always keep close connection with real life and lasting youthful vitality.

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